Types of plant growth stimulants and their application features

Any negative impact on developing crops causes hormonal imbalances. This disrupts vital processes and leads to delayed development, flowering, and fruit ripening. To counteract these negative factors, it is recommended to use plant growth stimulants. To ensure they achieve the desired effect, it is important to strictly follow the instructions.

The mechanism of action of plant growth stimulants

Biostimulants, or phytohormones, are substances that help regulate plant growth. They are synthesized in young foliage, apical buds, and the root system, activating growth processes. However, sometimes this process is disrupted. In such cases, specialized treatments are necessary.

Their chemical formula is based on phytohormones and secondary growth substances. They are widely used in agriculture. This helps achieve the following results:

• increase crop yields, improve the quality of fruits and their presentation, and increase shelf life;
• slow down the germination of tubers and root crops during long-term storage;
• make crops more resistant to adverse factors, parasites and diseases;
• improve the appearance of ornamental crops;
• stimulate or slow down flowering and fruit ripening.

It's important to keep in mind that regulators have a short-term effect. Furthermore, the use of phytohormones only initiates the development process. If the plant is experiencing a deficiency of nutrients, stimulation will not produce the desired effect.

Types and classification

Today, there are many products available to stimulate plant growth and development. They differ in their mode of action and application, making it easy for every gardener to choose the right option.

Auxins

These substances stimulate root formation in cuttings. They are used for green cuttings. This group of agents can also be used for rooting bulbs and seedlings.

"Kornevin" and "Ukorenit"

These products are available in powder form. They are intended for dusting cuttings. As a solution, the substance can be used to water seedlings. This should be done after transplanting into the soil.

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Heteroauxin

This product promotes root development and facilitates better seed germination. This stimulant helps increase yields and improve fruit quality. It also increases the amount of mature seed.

Gibberellins

These substances promote stem growth, ensure high-quality flowering, and fruit development. They also stimulate the root system and accelerate the delivery of nutrients to those parts of the plant where they can accumulate. In many crops, gibberellins stimulate the formation of male flowers.

Gibberross

Applying this stimulating agent helps extend the flowering period and preserve the fruit set of seedlings. It also helps increase their yield. The degree of the hormone's effect directly depends on the crop variety being treated, the stimulating dose, and the timing of application. Ripe fruits require treatment to extend their shelf life.

"Ovary"

This product stimulates the formation and development of ovaries. It is recommended to treat plants and seedlings before buds form.

Gibbor-M

The substance provides long-term and reliable protection of crops from diseases and parasites.

Tomaton

This phytohormone can be used to treat tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers. It can be used during flowering and fruit bud formation. Its composition helps accelerate these processes.

"Bud"

The substance is highly effective. It is recommended to use it immediately before fruit buds begin to form.

"Gibberellin"

This hormonal agent affects flowering and fruit set. It is available as a solution. Using this substance helps plants bloom faster and more effectively. It also increases yields.

The substance improves the taste of fruits. It also helps extend their shelf life. It helps reduce the ripening time of the harvest. It also prevents the risk of overripening, rotting, and spoilage.

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Gibberellin is recommended for treating sprouts, wetting branches, and performing injections. The substance can also be applied to seedlings as a hormonal patch. This product is often used to treat grapes.

Gibbersib

The product is produced in powder form. It stimulates cell division, inhibits cell aging, and improves seed quality. It is used in sunflower and grape cultivation.

Cytokinins

These substances were discovered relatively recently. Cytokinins are produced in root apices. Large amounts of these elements accumulate in fruits and seeds. The use of cytokinins stimulates cell division, ensures the release of buds, tubers, and seeds from dormancy, and prevents chlorophyll breakdown. These substances help coordinate crop development, prevent leaf senescence, and suppress root development. Cytokinins are the opposite of auxins in their effects on the root system.

Cytodef

This product promotes seed germination and the active development of young shoots. It also improves fruit production in fruit trees.

Cytokinin paste

This product is often used in gardening to increase the number of buds on fruit crops. To do this, make a cut in the branches and insert a small amount of the paste into the cut using a toothpick. The product should be used with extreme caution. Overdosing on it inhibits plant development and worsens overall health.

Keikigrow Plus

This is a Canadian drug which is an analogue cytokinin pasteThe product has the same direction of action.

Brassins or brassinosteroids

These products are phytohormones that support normal immune function. They are essential when growing crops in poor soil and under unfavorable conditions.

Brassinosteroids are stress adaptogens characterized by pronounced growth-promoting activity. They are present in cells in minimal amounts. Brassinosteroid enzyme levels are considered highest in young plant tissues, including developing pollen.

Epin Extra

This product is a regulator and stimulant with a broad spectrum of action. It strengthens crop immunity in stressful situations, promotes the recovery of weak plants, and rejuvenates old plants. The product must be applied several times until the plants are fully restored. This should be done at intervals of 7-10 days.

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Epin

This product promotes rapid rooting of plants after transplanting. It increases the crop's resistance to diseases and pests. It can also be used for soaking seeds and cuttings. It is a universal growth stimulant, accelerating various vegetative processes.

When are they used?

Crop growth promoters are used in a variety of situations. They are typically required in stressful situations, such as dry weather, frost, and other challenges. Using these substances can achieve a number of beneficial effects:

• increase growth rate;
• facilitate adaptation to new conditions;
• enhance root formation;
• improve the quality of fruits;
• increase resistance to adverse conditions;
• stimulate germination of seed material.

Rules of application

Most of these products are sold as a liquid concentrate. To use, the solution must be added to water. The exact preparation method varies depending on the product and manufacturer. In any case, the prepared solution must be used within 24 hours. Otherwise, it will lose its effectiveness.

You can begin applying growth stimulants even before the seedlings emerge—during the seed soaking and germination stage. When using growth stimulants on mature plants, you should spray the seedlings or apply a root dressing.

Safety precautions

Growth enhancers must be used with extreme caution, observing all safety regulations. It is important to wear personal protective equipment (PPE)—a mask, gloves, and goggles. Protective clothing is recommended when handling plants. After finishing work, take a shower and wash your face and hands with soap.

Growth stimulants are effective agents that help improve crop development and increase yields. For the product to be effective, it's important to select the correct formulation and strictly follow the instructions for use. Adherence to safety precautions is also crucial.