"Where there's bread, there's song." This Soviet slogan is still remembered by many citizens born in the USSR. The true price of bread proved unaffordable for some during and after Perestroika. Puma Super 100, a herbicide from the world-renowned Bayer concern, reduces the cost of growing spring and winter wheat, saving on precious human labor.
Composition, dosage form and purpose
The herbicide "Puma Super 100" controls annual grass weeds in spring and winter wheat fields. Its active ingredients are fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (100 g/l) and mefenpyr-diethyl (27 g/l). The pesticide is produced as an emulsifiable concentrate and is packaged in 5-liter polyethylene canisters.
Mechanism of action
Puma Super 100 is a systemic herbicide. After penetrating the weed's outer layers, it concentrates in actively dividing tissues, blocking fatty acid synthesis and preventing cell membrane replication, leading to growth arrest and death of the weed.
How long does the protective effect last?
Puma Super 100 herbicide kills already-germinated annual grass weeds. Later-emerging pests are beyond its reach. Therefore, it is important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations when choosing the optimal time to apply the herbicide.
How quickly does it work?
Weed systems begin to be disrupted within the first day after the herbicide is applied to the leaves and stems. Fatal effects from Puma Super 100 are observed within 10-15 days. The sooner the weeds are sprayed after emergence, the faster they die.
Advantages and disadvantages
Bayer products are trusted worldwide. The renowned company offers a robust quality guarantee for its products. Positive properties of Puma Super 100:
- harmlessness to the cultivated crop;
- toxicity to a wide range of cereal weeds;
- tested in various climatic zones;
- permission is available to use aircraft for spraying;
- quickly decomposes in soil.
An unpleasant situation after using a herbicide can arise if weather conditions deviate significantly from the average. Unusually low temperatures weaken the crop, and the compromised immune system succumbs to the slight pressure from the herbicide. Signs of chlorosis are observed. Normal processes return within 10-14 days. The color of the originally green parts of the plant is restored.
Preparation of working solution
To treat 1 hectare of crop area with herbicide, 150-200 liters of liquid are required.
The mixture with the emulsion "Puma Super 100" is prepared as follows:
- Pour 1/3 of the water volume into the sprayer tank.
- Turn on the hydro mixer.
- The concentrate of the preparation is added in a thin stream.
- Stir for 7-10 minutes.
- Pour in enough water to achieve the desired concentration.
- Stir for 5 minutes.
The manufacturer's recommended dosages of the drug for each specific case are given in the table:
| Culture | Weed | Herbicide dosage, l/ha | Spraying time |
| Spring wheat | Annual cereals | 0.4-0.6 | 2-3 leaves per weed. The crop's development stage doesn't matter. |
| Predominance of wild oats | 0.5-0.7 | ||
| Annual cereals | 0.6-0.9 | Later stages of weed development. Any stage of crop development. | |
| Winter wheat | Annual cereals | 0.6-0.75 | In spring, from the weed's two-leaf stage until the end of tillering. The crop's development stage is irrelevant. |
Terms of Use
The working fluid continues to be mixed throughout the spraying process. The instructions for use specify the weather conditions on the day of application:
- air temperature – 10-25 °C;
- wind speed – less than 4 m/s;
- absence of direct sunlight.
Bayer products “Puma Gold” and “Puma Plus” clear the field of broadleaf weeds (even overgrown ones).
Precautionary measures
The herbicide "Puma" is a Class II hazardous chemical for bees and humans. Before work, the team must be familiar with all the risks posed by the product and know its name. Skin, respiratory, and eye protection must be worn. The working fluid is prepared outdoors in a designated area. The area must be easily cleaned, which is done at the end of each workday after applying the herbicide "Puma Super." Preparation for spraying can also be carried out indoors with an exhaust system. Personal protective equipment consists of:
- overalls;
- rubber boots;
- chemical-resistant gloves;
- glasses, closed on the sides, tightly fitting;
- respirator.
Only employees over 18 years of age are assigned to work with the product. Pregnant and lactating women should not participate, nor should individuals with medical contraindications. Do not smoke while working, as the product is flammable. The quality of gloves and respirators depends on the amount, concentration, and duration of work with the pesticide. The same person should not be in contact with Puma Super 100 herbicide for more than 4 hours per day. Store used clothing separately.
The treated area can be used for manual work within a week. Agricultural machinery can be used within three days.
How toxic is it?
The herbicide "Puma" remains toxic to aquatic organisms for a long time. Therefore, neither the product nor its packaging should be disposed of in water bodies, nor allowed to enter sewers or groundwater. Irreversible environmental impacts are possible.
The pesticide irritates the skin, respiratory tract, and eyes. If the product comes into contact with the skin, wash it off with soap. Rinse the eyes with water for 15 minutes, then seek medical attention immediately if symptoms persist. If the herbicide is swallowed, rinse the mouth with water along with saliva, drink plenty of water, take activated charcoal, and do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention.
Possible compatibility
"Puma Super 100" reacts with 2,4-D salts, dicamba, bromoxynil, fluroxypyr, and florasulam. It can be used in combination with 2M-4X, but with a limited application rate (less than 400 g/ha of active ingredient). Compatibility with other chemicals is tested by mixing small doses of the components in a single vessel.
After vigorous shaking, leave the mixture for half an hour with the lid tightly closed. The appearance of flakes, foam, or sediment indicates a reaction has occurred. If, after thoroughly mixing the separated liquids, the dispersion retains its original appearance, the products are compatible. Before combining them in a tank mix, each is diluted separately with water.
Storage conditions and shelf life
Store Puma Super 100 herbicide in a well-ventilated area away from open flames and electrical appliances. The possibility of short circuits must be excluded. The optimal storage temperature is 0-30°C. Isolate from food and animal feed. Limit human access. Protect from direct sunlight.
Similar means
Alternating Puma Super 100 with other pest control products will help prevent weeds from becoming accustomed to it, which will ensure long-term availability of the product.
| Culture | Weed | Pesticide |
| Wheat, barley | Annual cereals | Eraser Extra |
| Wheat | Annual cereals, some dicotyledons | "Everest" |
| Wheat | Annual cereals (wild oats, bluegrass) | Axial |
| Wheat | Annual cereals and broadleaf plants | "Verdict" |
| Wheat | Annual cereals | Traxos |
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