Description and characteristics of the 35 best walnut varieties, planting and care

Walnut varieties and types are diverse, so gardeners face a difficult choice when planting. To choose the right variety, it's important to consider the regional characteristics of the growing area.

Description and characteristics of the tree

The walnut tree is a tall tree. It can grow over 10 meters tall, with a spreading crown. A mature tree can have a trunk width of up to 2 meters. The tree's bark is light-colored. The oblong leaves are dark green and have a distinctive aroma. It is rarely attacked by pests. The roots are strong, requiring ample space for proper development. It is planted in loose soil, but with proper care, it will bear fruit in any conditions.

Varieties

Walnuts vary not only in size but also in flavor. Choosing the right variety will yield a high yield and be easy to care for.

Frost-resistant

Species that can tolerate low temperatures and require no additional cover. Special varieties, characterized by high yields and ease of care, are used for growing in cold climates.

Early-bearing

An early-ripening variety characterized by fruit ripening. These varieties allow harvesting in midsummer. The trees are medium-sized and have a moderately developed crown. The fruits are thin-skinned and highly flavorful.

Dwarf

These are low-growing tree varieties, with mature plants reaching no more than 2-4 meters in height. The crown develops slowly. The medium-sized fruits have a hard shell. These varieties are grown in garden plots.

Lateral

This type of crop is characterized by lateral fruiting, which is an advantage for easy harvesting. A distinctive feature of the tree is that it produces fruit not only on older shoots but also on young shoots that are one year old. This type of crop is distinguished by its productivity and flavor. Gardeners can expect their first fruiting within 3-4 years after planting.

Large-fruited

The advantage of this variety is the size of the fruit, which is larger than a typical walnut. The kernels are large, which is highly prized by gardeners.

Review of popular varieties

The following species are valued by gardeners and have proven their taste qualities.

Dawn of the East

A dwarf variety growing 2-3 meters tall. It is frost-hardy and begins bearing fruit in 4-5 years. The kernels are sweet and rich in oil.

Important: This variety can be planted in all regions. It tolerates climate change and low temperatures well.

Elegant

The plant grows up to 5 meters tall, with a broad crown and abundant foliage. It has lateral branches that do not bear fruit. It ripens late, producing medium-sized nuts with a hard shell. They have a versatile use.

Walnut Five-Year Plan

The plant is distinguished by its tree height. The first harvest can be obtained 4-5 years after planting. It is resistant to frost and pests. Ripening occurs in late September, and the harvest can be collected from plants over 10 years old.

Breeder

The distinctive features of this crop are its thin shell and the sugar content of its kernels. The crop can be harvested within five years of planting. It can be used for planting in temperate climates.

Abundant

This crop is known for its high yield. Gardeners can harvest it as early as three years after planting. The kernels have a thin skin. However, this crop should be grown in warm regions where there is no risk of cold temperatures.

Dessert

It's a dwarf tree. The tree reaches a height of no more than 3 meters. It tolerates drought and disease. The fruits are medium-sized and have a dense shell. The kernels are high in sugar.

Dwarf

The cultivar produces small, early-ripening fruits. The tree is small, no more than 3 meters tall. It is frost- and pest-resistant.

Ivan the Crimson

The plant produces round, thin-skinned fruits. The tree only begins to bear fruit in the sixth year after planting.

Astakhovskiy

The crop can tolerate temperatures as low as -37 degrees Celsius. It is grown in all regions. After planting, the harvest can be completed in 6-7 years. The fruits have thin skins. The kernels are light and sweet.

Krasnodar resident

The cultivar is distinguished by its large crown and the presence of lateral shoots. The fruits are large and rich in oil and sugar. Harvesting begins in the sixth year after planting.

Petrosyan's favorite

The first harvest can be obtained in the fourth year after planting. It ripens early, producing fruit with excellent flavor. It tolerates low temperatures, making it suitable for planting in northern regions.

Important: Requires regular fertilization for 2-3 years after planting.

Pelan

The plant is vigorous and drought-resistant. The nuts are medium-sized and thin-skinned, allowing for large harvests.

Sadko

The tree is classified as a dwarf variety. However, the fruits are large and the kernels are light-colored. It is often used by gardeners due to its high yield.

Aurora

The tree can reach a height of up to 6 meters, with a spreading crown. The fruiting period is average, with the first nuts appearing after four years. Fruiting increases annually, peaking 10 years after planting. The fruits are medium-sized and have thin shells.

Fruitful

The tree is distinguished by its height, which can reach up to 7 meters. It ripens in August, producing thin-shelled fruits. The plant is resistant to diseases and low temperatures.

Giant

It is distinguished by its abundant fruiting, which can be achieved six years after planting. The plant grows vigorously, with a crown that is not too spreading. The fruits are oblong in shape and thin-skinned.

Memory of Minov

A distinctive feature is the fruits' laterally flattened form. The kernels have excellent flavor. The plant is large and easily tolerates drought and frost.

Kalarashsky

The distinctive features of this cultivar are its tall tree and dense crown. The fruits are small, with dark kernels. The cultivar ripens in mid-September.

Samokhvalovichsky-2

The tree can reach a height of 5 meters. It is distinguished by its high winter hardiness and productivity. It is resistant to diseases and does not require spring chemical treatment.

Duet

The crop produces large quantities of fruit. It ripens mid-season and the fruits are small. The harvest can be stored for up to 12 months without deteriorating in flavor.

Levina

Ripens in mid-September, the fruits are medium-sized, located on the branches in clusters.

Krasnodar

A high-yielding walnut variety. Resistant to pests and diseases. The nuts are medium-sized, with a soft, easy-to-break shell.

Korenovsky

This nut variety was developed by Russian breeders and is distinguished by its large kernels. The kernels are sweet and rich in oil. The shell is thin, and the kernels separate easily from the shell.

Uzbek

An early-bearing crop that allows for late-summer harvesting. It tolerates frost and drought.

Dwarf-3

This nut variety was developed by Crimean breeders. The plant grows to 2 meters tall, allowing for comfortable harvesting. The fruits have a thin skin.

Dwarf-5

The nut tree grows only 1.5 meters tall. Its round shape makes it popular among gardeners, as the trees are often used as ornamentals. The fruits are small and the shells are thin, allowing the kernels to be removed whole. It begins bearing fruit three years after planting.

Kocherzhenko

The walnut is large-fruited and ripens early. Its shell is thin, allowing for whole kernels. The tree is medium-sized, with a well-developed crown.

Yuri Gagarin

A mature tree that can reach up to 7 meters. The nuts are large and have thin shells. The plant is resistant to diseases and tolerates frost.

Peschansky

A distinctive feature of the plant is its drought tolerance. The crown is weakly developed and the height is medium. The kernels are light brown and have good flavor.

Vasion

The tree is medium-sized. Seedlings tolerate low temperatures and diseases. The fruits are medium-sized and oval. The kernels vary in flavor and shelf life.

Taisiya

The tree is medium-sized and bears fruit on lateral shoots. The kernels are oily, tasty, medium-sized, and easily separated from the shell.

Timofey

A medium-sized tree, up to 4 meters tall. It is characterized by a sparsely developed crown and high yield. The fruits are small and have a soft shell.

Chandler

The plant is characterized by lateral fruiting. It can reach a height of up to 5 meters. The fruits are small, with a dense skin.

Bukovina bomb

The crop is disease-resistant. Harvesting occurs early. It is suitable for whole-kernel production.

Main criteria for choosing a variety

When choosing a crop type for planting, the following features must be taken into account:

• seedlings are selected depending on the growing region;
• To obtain a harvest, it is necessary to choose a frost-resistant variety;
• for a summer cottage, a dwarf tree is used, which produces large harvests and takes up a small area;
• Large-fruited varieties have a higher percentage of oil content in the kernels.

Walnut trees can be selected by each gardener depending on the type of soil and weather conditions.

Regional cultivation features

Walnuts can be selected depending on regional characteristics that must be observed to obtain a harvest.

Moscow region

For the Moscow region, preference should be given to varieties that can tolerate low temperatures. The plant requires little maintenance, but regular watering and fertilizing are essential during the first year after planting. The following varieties are suitable for the Moscow region:

• Sadko;
• Ideal;
• Moscow region;
• Giant;
• Fruitful.

The resulting harvest depends on following the rules for planting the seedling and choosing a location with plenty of nutrients.

Krasnodar Krai

This region has warm weather, so all varieties of walnuts can be grown. The following varieties are recommended for harvesting:

• Elegant;
• Krasnodar resident;
• Dawn of the East;
• Pelan.

Seedlings of these varieties quickly adapt to the soil and are rarely susceptible to disease. They are distinguished by their high yield and easy care.

Tips and advice from experienced gardeners

To ensure a good harvest and the correct variety selection, follow these guidelines to prevent potential problems:

• The walnut has a developed root system, so it is necessary to maintain a distance of at least 2-3 meters between two seedlings.
• Walnut trees should be planted using pre-sprouted seeds or ready-grown seedlings. This will reduce the risk of planting material failure and preserve the plant's flavor.
• For a small plot, it's important to use low-growing plants that require little maintenance. The advantage of such plants is their easy harvesting process.

In the first year after planting the seedling, it is necessary to water it regularly and use fencing to prevent the sprout from being damaged by the wind.

Result

Walnuts are a healthy fruit, containing all the minerals and components necessary for human development. Eight walnuts are recommended daily. Walnut varieties are selected for the growing region, taking into account weather conditions. The crop can tolerate droughts and is resistant to fungal diseases and pests. They can be used to store walnuts without compromising their flavor.